Some architecture and paintings are thousands of years old, but old music could not survive until people learned to write it down. It is not known what the earliest human music was like. The bone flute plays both the five- or seven-note scale of Xia Zhi and six-note scale of Qing Shang of the ancient Chinese musical system. At the time of the discovery, one was still playable. They have between 5 and 8 holes each and were made from the hollow bones of a bird, the Red-crowned Crane. In 1986 several bone flutes were found in Jiahu in Henan Province, China. They may once have been strapped together. A wood-lined pit contained a group of six flutes made from yew wood, between 30 and 50 cm long, tapered at one end, but without any finger holes. The oldest known wooden pipes were discovered near Greystones, Ireland, in 2004. When they announced their discovery in 2009, the scientists suggested that the find showed that there was a well-established musical tradition when humans colonized Europe. This flute was found next to the Venus of Hohle Fels and a short distance from the oldest known human carving. Other flutes were also found in the cave. The discovery is the oldest confirmed find of any musical instrument in history. The five-holed flute has a V-shaped mouthpiece and is made from a vulture wing bone. In 2008, archaeologists discovered a bone flute in the Hohle Fels cave near Ulm, Germany. However, whether it is a musical instrument or just a bone that got chewed on is an ongoing debate. The item in question is a piece of the femur of a young cave bear, and is about 43,000 years old. It is not certain that it is really a flute. The oldest flute ever discovered may be the Divje Babe flute, found in the Slovenian cave Divje Babe I in 1995. Some of these are ambiguous, as they can be used either as a tool or a musical instrument. There are finds of this type that date back to the paleolithic. Most likely the first rhythm instruments or percussion instruments involved the clapping of hands, stones hit together, or other things that are useful to keep a beat. The oldest known Neanderthal hyoid bone with the modern human form was found in 1983, indicating that the Neanderthals had language, because the hyoid supports the voice box in the human throat. The larynx (voice box) is like a wind instrument. The human voice can make many different kinds of sounds. The first musical instrument used by humans was probably the voice. This may, of course, also serve to defend the territory. Monkeys have been seen beating hollow logs. Songbirds use song to protect their territory, or to attract a mate. It may also serve as entertainment (games), or have practical uses, like attracting animals when hunting. Shamans sometimes imitate sounds that are heard in nature. Human music may echo these phenomena using patterns, repetition and tonality. The first music was probably made trying to imitate sounds and rhythms that occurred naturally. Musicians of Amun, Tomb of Nakht, 18th Dynasty, Western ThebesĮven in the stone age people made music. p10 Musical experience and the music, together, are called phenomena, and the activity of describing phenomena is called phenomenology. Music is a special shared relationship between a person, the persons behavior, and a sounding object. These and other attempts, do not capture all aspects of music, or leave out examples which definitely are music. A different approach is to list the qualities music must have, such as, sound which has rhythm, melody, pitch, timbre, etc. It is an art form, and opinions come into play. There is no simple definition of music which covers all cases. Timbre is what makes a clarinet sound different from an oboe, and what makes one person's voice sound different from another person. The sort of sound might be harsh, gentle, dry, warm, or something else. The 'timbre' of a sound is the way that a sound is interesting.

This is a French word (pronounced: 'TAM-br'). This means whether it is quiet or loud or somewhere in between. Every tune has a rhythm that can be tapped. Rhythm is the way the musical sounds and silences are put together in a sequence. Tunes are made of notes that go up or down or stay on the same pitch. There are four things which music has most of the time: If a person bangs saucepans or pots in a rhythmic way, they are making a simple type of music. If someone bangs saucepans while cooking, it makes noise. Music is sound that has been organized by using rhythm, melody or harmony.

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